Ah Kitegeeza Ki Ku Battery? Ebipimo by'essaawa za Amp

Nze nfiiriddwa okubala emirundi emeka kasitoma gy'ankubidde essimu ng'ambuuza lwaki "200Ah battery bank" yaabwe yaggwaamu omubisi oluvannyuma lw'essaawa 3 zokka ng'okubala kugamba nti erina okumala 8. Eky'okuddamu ekimpi? Ennamba eyo eya Ah eri ku label tetegeeza abantu abasinga kye balowooza nti etegeeza.

Ah kitegeeza ki ku bbaatule?Kitegeeza ampere-essaawa-ekipimo ky’obungi bw’amasannyalaze bbaatule gy’etereka. Kilowoozeeko nga ttanka y’amafuta mu loole. Ttanka ya ggaloni 100- ekubuulira obusobozi, naye tekubuulira bbanga ly’onoovuga mu butuufu. Ekyo kisinziira ku mugugu gw’osika, ettaka, embeera y’obudde, n’okumanya oba yingini yo ya mafuta-sipper oba enywa ggaasi.

Battery zikola mu ngeri y’emu. Ekipimo kya 100Ah kitegeeza nti mu ndowooza esobola okutuusa amps 100 okumala essaawa emu, oba amps 10 okumala essaawa kkumi, oba amp 1 okumala essaawa kikumi. Naye "theoretically" akola nnyo okusitula okuzitowa mu sentensi eyo.

Wano waliwo ekikulu mu butuufu eri omuntu yenna agula bbaatule z’ekifo eky’obusuubuzi, enkola y’okutereka bbaatule mu makolero, oba pulojekiti y’ebikozesebwa: okutegeera ekituli wakati w’ebyo ebikubiddwa ku datasheet n’ebyo ebiraga mu nsi entuufu. Kino kifune mu bukyamu, era oba osasula obusobozi bw'otogenda kukozesa oba okusika omuguwa ng'enkola yo ey'okutereka ekuba okuva mu makkati-okuggwaako.

Okubala Kyangu. Ekituufu Si Bwekiri.

Enkola enkulu teyinza kuba nnyangu okusingawo:

Obudde bw’okudduka=Obusobozi bwa Battery (Ah) ÷ Omugugu Kasannyalazo (A) .

Olina bbaatule ya 100Ah? Okudduka omugugu gwa amp 10? Ekyo kitegeeza essaawa 10 ez'okudduka. Okumala.

Okujjako... si ddala. Sirabangako bbaatule mu butuufu ng’etuusa obusobozi bwayo obujjuvu ebweru wa laboratory. Laba lwaki enkola eyo egwa mu nnimiro:

Ekizibu ky’omuwendo gw’okufulumya amazzi

Abakola bbaatule bagezesa obusobozi mu mbeera ezenjawulo-ebiseera ebisinga okufuluma mpola, okugonvu okumala essaawa 20 (ekiyitibwa omuwendo gwa C/20). Battery yo eya 100Ah yafuna rating eyo nga ekuba amps 5 zokka okumala essaawa 20 straight.

Naye backup system yo tesika 5 amps. Kisika 50. Oba 100. Era bw’osika current ku sipiidi bwetyo, totuuka wonna kumpi ne rated capacity.

Ensonga y’Ebbugumu

Battery zikyawa embeera y’obudde ennyogovu kumpi nga nze. Ku bbugumu erifuumuuka, oyinza okufuna ebitundu 70-75% byokka ku busobozi obugereddwa. Ku diguli -20 ? Otunuulidde mpozzi kitundu.

Nalina client mu Minnesota eya spec'd outdoor telecom backup yaabwe okusinziira ku summer performance. First cold snap, enkola yalemererwa. Essomo ery’ebbeeyi.

Ekituli mu Chemistry

Eno y’ennene, era we ndaba ensobi ezisinga okuba ez’ebbeeyi.

Battery ya lead-acid eya 100Ah ne battery ya lithium eya 100Ah si kintu kimu. Si wadde okumpi. Kiba ng’okugeraageranya ttanka ya ggaloni 100-mu mu mmotoka ya Sedan okusinziira ku nnamba ya semi loole-emu, eyawukana ddala ku range ekozesebwa.

Lwaki Ebipimo bya Lead-Acid ne Lithium Ah Tebisobola Kugeraageranyizibwa Butereevu

Emabega ku nkomerero y’emyaka gya 1800, munnasayansi Omugirimaani ayitibwa Wilhelm Peukert yazuula ekintu ekitali kyangu: gy’okoma okufulumya amangu bbaatule, gy’okoma okugiggyamu amaanyi gonna amatono. Okubala kwe kukyatutawaanya n’okutuusa leero.

Wano waliwo enkyusa ey’omugaso: Battery za lead-acid zirina obuziyiza obw’omunda obw’amaanyi. Bw’osika akasannyalazo akazito, amaanyi mangi gabula ng’ebbugumu munda mu bbaatule mu kifo ky’okuwa ebyuma byo amaanyi. Peukert exponent egera obungi bwa kino-lead-acid batteries mu bujjuvu obubonero 1.2 ku 1.6, ekitegeeza okufiirwa kw’obusobozi okunene wansi w’omugugu.

Battery za lithium? Ekigerageranyo kyabwe ekya Peukert kiri ku 1.02 ku 1.05. Kumpi tekifaayo. Ofuna kumpi full rated capacity si nsonga oba osika nnyo.

Ennyinyonnyola ya chati: Battery ya lead-acid ewereddwa 100Ah ekola nga 55Ah zokka nga efulumye okumala essaawa 2 mu kifo kya 20. Battery ya lithium egaba 98Ah mu mbeera ze zimu. Same label, performance ya njawulo nnyo.

Naye kyeyongera okusajjuka ku lead-acid. Era tosobola kukozesa busobozi bujjuvu nga tosse bbaatule.

Deep-fulumya bbaatule ya lead-acid bulijjo wansi wa 50% state of charge, era ojja kukendeeza nnyo ku bulamu bwayo. Abakola abasinga bakuwa amagezi okusigala waggulu wa 50%-ekitegeeza nti bbaatule yo eya "100Ah" ddala ekuwa 50Ah ez'obusobozi obukozesebwa.

Battery za lithium zikwata 80-90% depth of discharge bulijjo, ezimu ne 100%. Battery yo eya lithium eya 100Ah ekuwa obusobozi bwa 80-90Ah obukozesebwa.

Ka nteeke ennamba entuufu ku kino:

Ekipimo kya Ah kye kimu. Battery ya lithium egaba kumpi emirundi ebiri amaanyi agakozesebwa.

Kino tukiraba nga kizannyibwa buli kiseera mu by’amasimu n’okuddaabiriza amakolero. Pulojekiti eyakolebwa gye buvuddeko yalimu siteegi y’amasimu ey’ewala eyali yeesigamye ku bbanka ya asidi enzito eya 400Ah lead-. Omukozi yanyiiga kubanga okukendeera kwa vvulovumenti kwasigala kuleeta okusala kwa vvulovumenti entono-oluvannyuma lw’essaawa 3 zokka ez’amasannyalaze ag’okutereka-nga gatono nnyo ku ssaawa 6 ze beetaaga.

Twakyusa bbanka eyo ennene ne tussaamu modulo za rack eza 200Ah 48V LiFePO4-mu by'ekikugu kitundu kya busobozi bwa "nameplate" obugereddwa. Ekyavaamu? Enkola empya yawa essaawa ezisukka mu 5 ez’okudduka okutebenkedde kubanga teyabonaabona na kufiirwa kwa Peukert wansi w’omugugu omunene ogw’omukutu. Kasitoma mu butuufu yafuna ebitundu ebisukka mu 60% ebisingawo ebiseera by'okudduka eby'ensi entuufu- okuva mu nkola eyazitowa ebitundu 60% ebitono. Eyo y’enjawulo eriwo wakati wa...okutegeera Ah kye kitegeeza ku bbaatulemu ndowooza okusinziira ku by’etuusa mu nkola.

Ebyo C-Ratings ku Spec Sheets kyebitegeeza mu butuufu

Bw'osima mu datasheets za bbaatule, ojja kulaba obusobozi nga buwandiikiddwa ku "C-rates" ez'enjawulo. Kino si marketing fluff-kikubuulira ddala engeri omukozi gye yagezesaamu ennamba eyo.

C/20 kitegeeza nti bbaatule yafuluma mu ssaawa 20. C/10 kitegeeza essaawa 10. C/5 kitegeeza essaawa 5.

Ekikwata: abakola eby'enjawulo bakozesa emiwendo gya C- egy'enjawulo ku specs zaabwe ez'omutwe. Ebika ebimu ebikola embalirira bigezesa ku C/100 (okusiibulwa okumala essaawa 100) okufuuwa ennamba zaabwe eza Ah. Oyo battery ya 100Ah yagezeseddwa ku C/100? Eyinza okutuusa 70Ah zokka ku muwendo gwa C/20 abakola eby’omutindo ogwa waggulu gwe bakozesa.

Nga tonnageraageranya bbaatule zonna ebbiri, kebera omuwendo gwa C-. Bwe baba nga ba njawulo, okugeraageranya tekuliimu makulu.

Okukebera amagezi amangu: singa bbaatule erabika bulungi nnyo ku bbeeyi-buli-Ah, kebera C-omuwendo gwe bakozesa. Otera okusanga bbaatule ya "bargain" yagezesebwa mu mbeera ezitaliiko kye zifaanana n'okukozesa kwo kwennyini.

Ah vs. Wh vs. kWh: Okutereeza Yuniti Zo

Kino kikuba abantu buli kiseera. Ka nkirongooseemu.

Ah (ampere-essaawa)ekugamba obusobozi bw'okusasula-kasannyalazo mmeka ku budde bwenkana.

Wh (watt-essaawa) .ekugamba obusobozi bw’amasoboza-amasoboza amatuufu agakozesebwa nga gabala vvulovumenti.

Okukyusa:Amasoboza (Wh)=Obusobozi (Ah) × Voltage (V) .

Battery ya 12V, 100Ah etereka amaanyi ga 1,200Wh. Battery ya 48V, 100Ah etereka amaanyi ga 4,800Wh.

Emirundi ena egya vvulovumenti, emirundi ena egy'amasoboza-newankubadde nga byombi bigamba nti "100Ah" ku lupapula.

Bw’oba ​​ogeraageranya quotes okuva mu batunda ab’enjawulo, bulijjo kyusa mu Wh oba kWh. Nze ndabye ttiimu z’okugula ebintu nga ziragira enkola enkyamu mu butanwa kubanga zageraageranya ennamba za Ah mu bifo eby’enjawulo ebya vvulovumenti.

Okujuliza amangu ku nsengeka eza bulijjo:

Enkozesa Entuufu: Okukwataganya Ah n’Ebyetaago Byo Ebituufu

Endowooza emala. Ka twogere ku busobozi ki bwe weetaaga ddala ku nkola eza bulijjo ez’obusuubuzi n’amakolero.

Amaanyi ga Backup ku migugu emikulu

Enkola y’okugerageranya obunene etandika n’okubala omugugu gwo. Kiki ddala ekirina okusigala nga kikola mu kiseera ky’okuggwaako, era okumala bbanga ki?

Laba engeri gye ntambuzaamu bakasitoma mu kyo:

Omutendera 1: Wandiika buli mugugu omukulu n’okusika kwagwo okuliwo kati

Amataala ag’amangu: 5A

Enkola z’ebyokwerinda: 3A

Ebikozesebwa mu network/IT: 15A

Ebifuga HVAC: 8A

Omugatte: 31A

Omutendera 2: Salawo obudde obwetaagisa obw’okudduka

Okwetaaga okwa bulijjo: Ssaawa 4 okutuusa nga jenereta eyingidde oba giridi ekomyewo

Omutendera 3: Bala obusobozi bwa base

31A × essaawa 4=124Ah ekitono ennyo

Omutendera 4: Kozesa ensonga z’ensi entuufu-

Singa okozesa asidi w’omusulo-ku 50% DoD: 124 ÷ 0.50=248Ah

Singa okozesa LiFePO4 ku 80% DoD: 124 ÷ 0.80=155Ah

Gattako ebitundu 15% eby’okukaddiwa: 285Ah (omusulo-asidi) oba 178Ah (lithium)

Omutendera 5: Weetooloole okutuuka ku sayizi eziriwo

Omusulo-asidi: Enkola ya 300Ah

ObulamuPO4: Enkola ya 200Ah

Okusaba kwe kumu. Enkola ya lithium ntono, nnyangu, era etera okuba ya buseere mu bulamu bwayo wadde nga ssente nnyingi mu maaso.

Okusenya ku ntikko n’okukendeeza ku musolo gw’obwetaavu

Okubala okw’enjawulo ddala. Wano okola sayizi okusinziira ku demand spike gy’olina okusenya n’ebbanga ly’eddirisa lyo ery’obwetaavu obw’oku ntikko.

Singa ekifo kyo kikuba entikko za kW 500 mu ddirisa ery’essaawa 2 emisana, era ng’oyagala okusenya 200kW ku ntikko eyo:

Amasoboza ageetaagisa: 200kW × essaawa 2=400kWh

Ku nkola ya 400V: 400,000Wh ÷ 400V=1,000Ah

Naye era olina okubala obulungi bwa inverter (~95%) n’ekkomo ku buziba bw’okufulumya. Enkula y'ensi entuufu-eyinza okuba 1,200-1,300Ah ku 400V.

Okugerageranya obunene bw’okusenya ku ntikko kyetaagisa okutunuulira okusukka ebipimo bya Ah ebyangu okutuuka ku mutindo gwa waggulu-C-omutindo. Gye buvuddeko twassaawo kabineti ya C&I enyogoza amazzi-kWh 215 ku kifo ekikola ebintu nga kyolekedde emisolo egy’amaanyi egy’obwetaavu. Zaali zeetaaga okufulumya amangu okusobola okufuukuula amaanyi agasukka mu ddakiika 15 buli kawungeezi.

Battery ya "energy-cell" eya mutindo yandibadde ebuguma nnyo oba yakendeera mu vvulovumenti wansi w'amaanyi ago. Nga tugerageranya obunene bw’enkola eno n’obutoffaali obukola obulungi-obusobola okufulumya 1C mu ngeri ey’olubeerera, twayamba ekifo kino okusala ku ssente zaabwe ez’obwetaavu ne doola nga 2,800 buli mwezi. Enkola eno yeesasula mu myaka egisukka mu 3.5 gyokka-si lwakuba nti yalina ekipimo kya Ah ekisinga obunene ku lupapula, wabula lwakuba nti mu butuufu yali esobola okutuusa amasannyalaze ago ng’obwetaavu bwa giridi butuuse ku ntikko.

Enkola z’okutereka amasannyalaze g’enjuba +

Bw’ogatta bbaatule n’amasannyalaze g’enjuba, oba otebenkeza ebintu bibiri: okutereka omulembe ogumala emisana okubikka emigugu egy’akawungeezi, n’okuba n’obusobozi obumala okugumira ebire-olunaku.

Enkola eya bulijjo ey’okutereka enjuba-plus-ey’ettunzi eyinza sayizi ya bbanka ya bbaatule ku ssaawa 2-4 ez’omugugu ogwa wakati. Singa ekifo kyo kikola 50kW average mu ssaawa ez’olweggulo era nga oyagala essaawa 3 okutereka:

50kW × essaawa 3=150kWh

Wano we wali...Polinovel's kabineti ey'ebweru BESS solutionsemirundi mingi zikwatagana bulungi-zikoleddwa ku kika kino kyennyini eky’okugatta enjuba ey’obusuubuzi, nga zirina obusobozi okuva ku 120kWh okutuuka kumpi 1MWh mu nsengeka za modula.

Bendera Emmyufu Nga Weekenneenya Abagaba Battery

Oluvannyuma lw’emyaka mu mulimu guno, nkoze BS detector eyeesigika ennyo ku bbaatule specs. Bino by'olina okutunuulira:

Obusobozi obugezeseddwa ku miwendo gya C- egitali gya ddala

Singa ennamba y'omutwe Ah yagezesebwa ku C/100 naye nga application yo efuluma ku C/5, spec eyo terina mugaso gy'oli. Saba data y’obusobozi ku muwendo gwo gwennyini gw’osuubira okufuluma.

Ebibulamu ebikwata ku bbugumu

Buli kkampuni ekola ebintu mu mateeka afulumya curves ezikendeeza ku busobozi (cacity derating curves) ku bbugumu. Bwe baba bakuwa ennamba emu yokka nga tewali temperature context, baba balina kye bakweka.

Cycle obulamu claims awatali DoD context

"10,000 cycles" ewulikika bulungi okutuusa lw'osoma ennukuta ennungi n'ozuula nti eri ku 50% depth of discharge. Ku 80% DoD, bbaatule y’emu eyinza okumala cycle 4,000 zokka. Bulijjo buuza: cycles ku DoD ki?

Tewali data ya Peukert ku lead-acid

Singa omukozi wa bbaatule ya lead-acid tajja kukubuulira Peukert exponent oba okuwa capacity curves ku miwendo egy’enjawulo egy’okufulumya, tambula. Bakimanyi nti ennamba zaabwe zirabika bubi.

"Ekyenkanankana Ah" ebipimo

Abamu ku bakola-naddala mu kifo kya lithium-bakozesa ebipimo "enkanankana Ah" ebigeraageranya bbaatule yaabwe ku lead-asidi. Battery ewandiikiddwako "100Ah equivalent" mu butuufu eyinza okuba 50Ah. Mu by’ekikugu si bulimba, naye kikoleddwa okukutabula.

Mu laabu yaffe eya yinginiya, tukakasa nnyo buli kibinja ky’obutoffaali nga tekinnagenda mu modulo. Bulijjo tugaana obutoffaali bwa "bargain" obugamba nti bulina ebipimo bya Ah ebya waggulu naye nga bulemererwa wansi w'omugugu. Okugeza, gye buvuddeko twagezesa sampuli y’obutoffaali okuva mu mugabi ow’ebweru eyakola obulungi ku 1 amp (C/100) naye n’egwa okutuuka ku 65Ah bwe twasika 50 amps (0.5C)-omugugu ogwa bulijjo ogw’ebyuma by’amakolero.

Eno y’ensonga lwaki enkola zaffe eza datasheet nkakali: tugerageranya ebyaffeobusobozi bwa BESS obw’obusuubuziokusinziira ku masanyalaze agakola amatuufu, so si mazzi agakulukuta. Singa omugabi tajja kukulaga discharge curve ku 0.5C oba 1C, baba bakweka omulimu omutuufu ogwa battery ye.

Okugerageranya obunene bwa Grid-Scale ne Containerized BESS

Ku pulojekiti z'omutindo gw'omugaso-, tetukyayogera ku bipimo bya Ah ssekinnoomu-twogera ku busobozi bwa MWh obw'omugatte obuzimbibwa okuva mu nkumi n'enkumi z'obutoffaali.

Nayeokutegeera Ah kye kitegeeza ku bbaatuleku ddaala ly’obutoffaali kikyali kikulu, kubanga kikuyamba okwekenneenya enteekateeka y’enkola n’okukwata ensobi z’okunnyonnyola.

Laba engeri okubala gye kukola ku nkola eya bulijjo ey’okuteeka mu konteyina:

Enkola y’obutoffaali eya bulijjo ye 280Ah LiFePO4 prismatic cell ku 3.2V nominal.

Amasoboza buli katoffaali: 280Ah × 3.2V=896Wh ≈ 0.9kWh

Ku konteyina ya 5MWh: 5,000kWh ÷ 0.9kWh=~obutoffaali 5,556 bwetaagibwa

Obutoffaali buno busengekeddwa mu miguwa egy’omuddiring’anwa (okuzimba vvulovumenti) n’emiguwa egy’enjawulo (okuzimba obusobozi). Ensengeka eya bulijjo eyinza okuba:

Obutoffaali 16 mu modulo ya series=51.2V

Module eziwera mu lunyiriri=400-800V rack

Racks eziwera mu parallel=zigenderera obusobozi bwa MWh

Bw’oba ​​weetegereza ebijuliziddwa bya BESS ebiteekeddwa mu konteyina, kakasa:

Cell-level Ah okugereka n'omukozi

Ensengeka ya series/parallel

Omugatte gw’amasoboza agabaliriddwa gukwatagana n’obusobozi obugambibwa

Obulung'amu bw'olugendo lw'okudda n'okudda- (ebiseera ebisinga 85-92%) .

Enkozesa y’amasannyalaze ag’obuyambi (cooling, BMS) ekikendeeza ku busobozi obukozesebwa obutimba

Enkola za Polinovel eza BESS ezirimu ebidomolazitandikira ku 3.85MWh okutuuka ku 5MWh+ buli konteyina, nga tukozesa obutoffaali bwa LiFePO4 naddala olw’obulamu bwabwo obw’enzirukanya obw’ekika ekya waggulu n’okutebenkera kw’ebbugumu mu bifo ebirimu density enkulu.

Ensonga Ennungi ku Battery Ah Ratings

Laba,Ah kitegeeza ki ku bbaatulesi kizibu mu ndowooza. Kye kipimo ky’obusobozi bw’okusasula. Kubisaamu ne vvulovumenti okufuna amaanyi. Gabanya ku load current okubalirira runtime.

Obuzibu buva mu nsonga zonna ez’ensi entuufu-ezisaanyaawo obusobozi obwo obw’enzikiriziganya: ebikosa omutindo gw’okufulumya, okukendeeza ku bbugumu, obuziba-bw’ekkomo ly’okufulumya, n’enjawulo mu kemiko.

Bakasitoma be nkola nabo abeewala ensobi ez’ebbeeyi be ba:

Bulijjo kyusa mu kWh ekozesebwa, so si nameplate Ah

Kakasa omuwendo gwa C- ogukozesebwa okugezesa obusobozi

Siiga ebbugumu n’okukaddiwa okukendeeza ku mbeera yaabwe entongole

Size for lithium's actual advantages okusinga okutwala Ah zonna nga zenkanankana

Buuza abagaba ebintu data ku mbeera yaabwe entuufu ey’emirimu, so si mbeera ya laabu

Kola ebintu ebyo ebitaano, era ojja spec systems ezikola ddala nga bwekisuubirwa.

Ebibuuzo Ebitera Okubuuzibwa

Ebiwandiiko ebikozesebwa

Peukert, W. (1897) nga bano. "Über die Abhängigkeit der Kapazität von der Entladestromstärke bei Bleiakkumulatoren." Enkola y’amasannyalaze Zeitschrift.

Yunivasite ya Battery. "BU-503: Engeri y'okubala obudde bwa bbaatule." batteryuniversity.com

IEEE 1188-2005. "Enkola ya IEEE esengekeddwa mu kuddaabiriza, okugezesa, n'okukyusa bbaatule za VRLA okukozesebwa mu bifo ebitali bimu."

IEC 61427-1:2013. "Secondary cells ne batteries for renewable energy storage-Ebyetaagisa mu bulambalamba n'enkola z'okugezesa."